Pickling apparatus



May 19, 1931 A. DIETZEL 1,806,239

` PICKLING APPARATUS File@ April e. A1930 INVENTOR MLM? caw/ Patented May 19, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PICKLING APPARATUS Application med April s, 1930. serial No. 442,495.

This invention relates to apparatus for pickling iron and steel bodies in sulphuric acid. More particularly, the invention has to do with electro-magnetic instrumentalities 4for suspending bodies to be pickled in a bath 0f Sulphuric acid. Hitherto, the acid has been` found to destroy ina relatively short period of time the coils which are included in such electro-magnetic instrumentalities. i0 The object of the invention is to provide an electro-magnetic element which will withstand the` deleterious action vof the acid.

In the accompanying drawings, I show means which are particularly eective to this end. Fig. I is a vertical sectional view of a pickling tank with'which there is associated several of themagnetic devices of my invention; Fig. II -is a sectional view, taken on the plane II-II of Fig. I, showing to larger scale the structure of .one `of the electromagnetic elements; and Fig. III is a sectional view, similar to the sectional view of Fig. II, Showing an electro-magnetic element of modified structure. f V Referring to the drawings the reference numeralV 1` indicates a Vpickling tank which includes a bath of sulphur-ic acid 2. Secured to the tank, above the acid, Aand adapted for rotation, is a shaft 3 and to the shaft 3 there is secured a. plurality of electro-magnetic'elements 4. Each magnetic element 4 includes, vaccording to usual construction, y a coil' of Wire which isjsuitably connected by means of `leads 5 to a source of electrical energy. Projecting from the topand bottom of each element 4 is an iron shank 6 of iron or steel, which shank is centrally located within the coil, and is adapted to be magnetized by the electrical energy. I do not illustrate a source of electrical energy, nor the complete electrical circuits which, of course, are essential to the operation of the electro-magnetic elements. It may be remarked, however, that a battery of dry cells or any other convenient i Source of electrical energy may be vutilized to effect the magnetization of the shanks 6. The shanks 6 terminate each in a head 7 and the iron or steel bodies l0 which are to be pickled'are placed upon theupper row of heads 7, while the lower row of heads 7 project into the acid, therein bodies 8 for pickling.

When the bodies 8 have been subjected suficiently to the action of the acid, the shaft 3 is rotated, conveniently by a handle 9, through 180 degrees. This revolution of the shaft 3 moves the members 8 into the position in which the bodies 10 are illustrated in Fig. I, and, manifestly, the bodies 10 are then immersed in the acid. The pickled bodies 8 are now pulled from their magnetic supports, and new bodies for pickling substituted in their place. So-the operation continues.

In such pickling operation the acid splashes and drips on the shaft 3 and electro-magnetic devices 4. The shaft is conveniently formed of acid-resisting bronze, to withstand the acid, b-ut the devices 4 would soon be destroyed if it were not for the protection against acid which my device affords the coils. In Fig. II, I have illustrated in detail one of the electro-magnetic elements which is eiiicient to withstand the corrosive action ofthe acid. It comprises a core 20 of iron or steel, around which a coil 21 of electrical-conducting wire is wound. Each end of the core 20 is recessed for the reception of the tubular stud22 of a collar member 23. The collar members 23 are formed of lead or other material which is neutral to sulphuric acid. Conveniently, the tubular studs 22 are externally threaded at 24 for threaded engagement with the core 20, and for securing the collars 23 to the core. An outer jacket 25 of lead-a piece of lead tubing of appropriate diameter and length will serve-is tted over the coil 2l and collars 23, and burned7 around the peripheres 26 of the collars, making a liquid-tight lead housing for the coil 21. A tube 27 of lead is soldered or burned to the jacket 25, serving as a protecting outlet for the leads 5 of the coil 21. The Shanks 6 with the heads 7 which are to be magnetized for supportsuspending the ing the bodies to be pickled, are secured in threaded engagement with the tubular studs 22. It should be noted that the Shanks 6 are adapted to be readily removed, and new Shanks 6 may, as in use the acid destroys the Shanks, be easily substituted. I have shown isemployed on` the threadedportionrof the like..

the Shanks 6 as extending only a short distance into the iron core of course, they and the core may be constructed lto permit Vthe shanks'to extend entirely through device,

somewhat in the manner that the shank 6a extends through the modified device Which is shown in Fig. III.

TheV modie'd electro-magnetic device coinprises an 'inner tube 20a oflead Which is flared or formed With flanges 23u/at each end. On the tube 20a lthefcoil 21av of Wire is Wound,

and thereover the jacket 25a 'is placed and. burned to the collars 23a, atV their perphf.; eries 26a.. The iron' or steel' shank 6a extends through the tube 20a, and in effect is the core of the magnetic ,coil 21a, as Well as comprising the 'projecting supports .forthe heads 7a. A collarQS-is.integralWiththe .lower portion of the'shank 6a, and theiipper endA of fthe'shankfis threaded.' TkA'nut 29 shank to draw the collar 28V tightly 'against theflovver end of thek device, and to secure "mit interchangeability ottheshank, as inv rmly the parts iny their illustrated position. 'WashersBO of lead maybe inserted between the nut 29' and collar 28 as shown, The upper head 7 a, aswell as'the nut29, is re; movable from the-threaded shank'a to per.-

use-itis destroyed by the acid and replacement becomes necessary. Thfroughout the Y specification I have described vthe particular utility of my invention in pickling. ap,-

.paratus' It Will be understood, hovv'evr,that myv device maybe employed to sup-port bodies for galvanizing, chromiumplatiiig 0.1' nickel 2O the collars 23, l'which are there lseeured', serve as end stopsandsupports for the-*Wire servesjupon Which-the Wire or coil 21a may vbe Wound, and the collars 23a, serve as the end V'during the Winding of core.- -Tha't isto say,

in"` addition to Vtheir `riore-mentionedfutility vas elements of the'coil-protectingjacket, the collars 23 aii'ord in conjunction With-the core or body 20 a'spool upon which the coil 21 may be readily Wound. In the modified structure of; Fig. III,'the tube20a serves as the bodytin the manner in which the' core 2O flanges for the purpose above 'mentioned Thus the manufacture of the device is facili.- tated, and this is due to the tact that the lead cover elements 23 (or .20a and 23a) havea double utility-a fdistinct utility during manufacture, and the-utility, after manufacture, as elements of the .acid-resisting jacket for'the coil. V

, 4t. yIn 4an elect- I claim: l. In pickling apparatus including a tank containing a bath of acid, the combination of an electro-magnetic device for supporting Work in said acid, Which device includes an electric coil upon a central body, said central -body having an acid-resisting flange at each end, `an acid-resisting sleeve covering said coil along'its length, Which sleeve at each end is burned into liquid-tight engagement With one et said flanges, opposed magnetizable Ashanks extending one from each end of said coil `and projecting from its acid-resisting covering, vvhichy Shanks at vtheir 'outer ends `are e provided 'each with av Work-supporting head, and means for supporting said eleetro- Y magnetic deviceover said bathfo'f acid, which last-named means arel revoluble to effect movement of said' device'frorn one to another Qf 'Several Operative positions;-

' 2."Inan electro-magneti devicevvhich'includes an-'electric coil upon a central'` body havingan acid-resisting -lange latits either end, fthe combination "of anv acid-resisting sleeve covering' said coil along its-length,

which sleeve .at each end is burned into liquidtight engagement With one of said flanges, whereby an'integral, sealed covering. capable otresisting hot vacid is providedk orsaidf coil, a magnetiaable shank positioned to be under the electrical intluenc'eot said coil and'to project from the'acidresisting covering there.- for', means rigidly securing'saidhnkin such Vposi-tion'and for insuring a liquid-tightjoint 'Where said shank extends from said'covering, and said shank; at itslouterend being' provided v vith a work-supportingheadr l 3;-In an 4electro-1nagneticV device-which includes an electric coilupona central-body', the combination of an acid-resistingcovering for saidfcoih vvvhic hfcoverin'g includeslan'aeidreSiS'tIig flange member at One-end if Sad coil, which coveringv also includes Van 'acidresisting sleeve extending along the Vface of the 'coil and burned into liquid-tightengageico mentI with said 'flange member, Wherebyan' integral, sealed covering capableot resisting hot lacid isprovided for said coil, a. magnet'- izable shank Varranged in such position 'that it is'under the electrical influence of said-coil andprojects'trom the ac'id-resistingcovering therefor, means for rigidly securing `said shank in such positionfvvhich lmeans admit ofinterchangeability of s aid'rigidly secured shankV Without impairing the liquid-tight acid-resisting characteristics of said magnetic V"oi-magnetic device, the combination yof a solenoid of Velectric Wire, an acidresisting casing"assembled andV burned vin place overV said solenoid, 'whereby 'an integral, sealed, acid-resisting covering is provided for the solenoid, a magnetizable s hank extending through 'and prejectingV from the vvall ofsaid covering, said'sliank being rigidmy hand.

ALBERT DIETZEL. 

